FacetWin Logo

FacetCorp
 

Configuring PPP on AIX 4.1.4+


NOTE: PPP will NOT work on earlier versions of AIX.

With FacetWin your networked Windows 95/98 and NT 4.x PC users enjoy full terminal emulation along with file and printer sharing by accessing a common UNIX server for those resources. If you have a need for your remote dial-up users to enjoy the same functionality (as if they were connected to an in-house network, only at a slower rate) then you should consider providing them with a PPP connection via a high speed modem.

This document provides a working example discussing this feature and things you should be aware of when configuring PPP on AIX. FacetCorp makes no claims about the accuracy of this document and we are not responsible for any errors that it may contain. Please provide us with your feedback to help improve these notes for the benefit of other FacetWin users.

What is PPP?

PPP stands for Point-to-Point Protocol. It should be used where an Ethernet or Token-Ring network connection is not practical. Although slower, it can be just as reliable as those hardwired solutions because of current modem technology which now contains improved error correction / detection and data compression techniques.

Many people use PPP today without even knowing it! It is currently the most popular method of accessing the WWW from your home PC. It basically provides a serial network connection (many times slower than a real network) by using your computer's modem and a telephone line. I recommend that you invest in as fast a modem as your budget allows (28.8 for example) for best results. When using a PPP connection your computer must transfer a larger amount of data via the phone line than it would with a plain serial connection.

What this Document Covers

This document describes a setup using one Windows 95/98 NT 4.x client, connecting to an AIX 4.1.4 host that is running FacetWin host software for file and printer resource sharing. It only discuss the client dialing into the UNIX host system, this document does not cover outgoing PPP links from the host. It also does not cover setting up your modem.

If you follow this example through you should be able to easily connect a Windows 95/98 or NT 4.x PC to your AIX host system via PPP and thereby have a working example from which to build upon. You should also review the online documentation included with the standard FacetWin documentaion. We have a complete section devoted to configuring the client PC entitled:
FacetWin Dial-up and Direct Serial Connections.

Installing PPP on an AIX host

You may not have to take this step. Check to see if PPP is already installed on your AIX server with the following steps:
  1. Run "smit install".
  2. Select "Maintain Installed Software" and press Enter.
  3. Select "List Installed Software" and press Enter.
  4. Select "List the Installed Software" and press Enter.
  5. In the entry fields for SOFTWARE name, type in "bos.net.ppp" and press Enter.
If PPP has been installed, you should see this:
   COMMAND STATUS

   Command: OK           stdout: yes           stderr: no

   Before command completion, additional instructions may appear below.

     Fileset                Level  State  Description
     -------------------------------------------------------------------
     bos.net.ppp          4.1.4.0    C    Async Point to Point Protocol


   State Codes:
    A -- Applied.
    B -- Broken.
    C -- Committed.
    O -- Obsolete.  (partially migrated to newer version)
    ? -- Inconsistent State...Run lppchk -v.

   F1=Help            F2=Refresh         F3=Cancel          F6=Command
   F8=Image           F9=Shell           F10=Exit           /=Find
   n=Find Next
If indeed, this is what you see, skip to Configuring PPP After Install. Otherwise, stick around for a bit.

Before installing PPP, make sure you have the AIX 4.1.4 OS CD mounted and ready. If not, stick the CD in your CD-ROM drive and run:

    mount -v cdrfs -r /dev/cd0 /tmp/cd
from your shell prompt. This will place the CD's contents beneath the "/tmp/cd" directory. This directory is optional, but you may find yourself in a little trouble mounting the CD in directories used for system files or critical applications. Try to avoid using anything but a temporary directory.

Now, do the following to install PPP:

  1. Run "smit install".
  2. Select "Install and Update Software" and press Enter.
  3. Select "Install/Update Selectable Software (Custom Install)" and press Enter.
  4. Select "Software Products at Latest Level" and press Enter.
  5. Select "Install New Software Products at Latest Level" and press Enter.
  6. At entry field for "INPUT device / directory for software, type "/dev/cd0" and press Enter.
You will then see the following screen:
   Install Software Products at Latest Level

   Type or select values in entry fields.
   Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.

                                                        [Entry Fields]
   * INPUT device / directory for software              /dev/cd0
   * SOFTWARE to install                                [all_licensed]   +
     PREVIEW only? (install operation will NOT occur)   no               +
     COMMIT software updates?                           yes              +
     SAVE replaced files?                               no               +
     ALTERNATE save directory                           []
     AUTOMATICALLY install requisite software?          yes              +
     EXTEND file systems if space needed?               yes              +
     OVERWRITE same or newer versions?                  no               +
     VERIFY install and check file sizes?               no               +
     Include corresponding LANGUAGE filesets?           yes              +
     DETAILED output?                                   no               +


   F1=Help            F2=Refresh         F3=Cancel          F4=List
   F5=Reset           F6=Command         F7=Edit            F8=Image
   F9=Shell           F10=Exit           Enter=Do

During PPP install you should see a command status log scrolling on the screen. After install is finished, check the top of the log. If you see "Command: OK", it was a successful install. Press F10 to exit out of smit and move on to Configuring PPP After Install.

If you see "Command: Failed" or something like that, view the command status log for clues before you call AIX support.

Configuring PPP After Install

I recommend configuring PPP through AIX's SMIT utility, just like the PPP install. There are more painful ways to configure PPP, like creating config files from scratch within UNIX text editors. For your sake (and mine,) I won't cover those in this document.

With SMIT, configuring PPP is fairly straightforward. Just do the following:

  1. From a shell prompt, run "smit ppp".
  2. Select "Link Control Configuration" and press Enter.
  3. Select "Add a Link Configuration" and press Enter.
This will take you to the following screen:
   LINK Configuration

   Type or select values in entry fields.
   Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.

                                                     [Entry Fields]
     PPP subsystem name                              []
     max server connections                          []              #
     max client connections                          []              #
     max ip interfaces                               []              #
     max async hdlc attachments                      []              #
     mru                                             []              #
     async character map                             []              X
     negotiate MRU                                   yes             +
     negotiate async map                             yes             +
     negotiate protocol compression                  yes             +
     negotiate address control compression           yes             +



   F1=Help           F2=Refresh        F3=Cancel         F4=List
   F5=Reset          F6=Command        F7=Edit           F8=Image
   F9=Shell          F10=Exit          Enter=Do

You will need to type in values for these entry fields: Once you have finished adding a Link Control Configuration, press F3 enough times to return to the SMIT PPP menu. Now do the following:
  1. Select "PPP IP Interfaces" and press Enter.
  2. Select "Add a Server Interface" and press Enter.
You will get the following screen:
   PPP IP Configuration

   Type or select values in entry fields.
   Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.

                                                        [Entry Fields]
     Local IP address                                   []
     Starting Remote IP address                         []
     Number of addresses                                []
     Netmask                                            []


   F1=Help           F2=Refresh        F3=Cancel         F4=List
   F5=Reset          F6=Command        F7=Edit           F8=Image
   F9=Shell          F10=Exit          Enter=Do

Again, you will need to enter values for these entry fields.

Creating a PPP account

You add a PPP account to your system the same way you would add a regular user. The big difference is in the PPP account's login script (.profile). Again, I recommend using SMIT for this task. Do the following:
  1. Run "smit users" from shell prompt.
  2. Select "Add a user" and press Enter.
You will get the following screen:
   Add a User
 
   Type or select values in entry fields.
   Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
 
   [TOP]                                          [Entry Fields]
   * User NAME                                    []
     User ID                                      []            #
     ADMINISTRATIVE USER?                         false         +
     Primary GROUP                                []            +
     Group SET                                    []            +
     ADMINISTRATIVE GROUPS                        []            +
     Another user can SU TO USER?                 true          +
     SU GROUPS                                    [ALL]         +
     HOME directory                               []
     Initial PROGRAM                              []
     User INFORMATION                             []
     EXPIRATION date (MMDDhhmmyy)                 [0]
     Is this user ACCOUNT LOCKED?                 false         +
   [MORE...31]
 
   F1=Help           F2=Refresh        F3=Cancel         F4=List
   F5=Reset          F6=Command        F7=Edit           F8=Image
   F9=Shell          F10=Exit          Enter=Do

Outside of SMIT, you will need to edit the new PPP user's ".profile". Delete whatever is in there, and add the following line:
    exec pppattachd server 2>/dev/null
Save the file and exit from your text editor. When the PPP user logs in from the remote PC, this command within ".profile" will initialize the PPP connection between the server and the dialin PC. When the user ends the modem connection with the server , the PPP login will disconnect as well.

Now you are ready to tackle the PC PPP configuration! For guidance, please read the aforementioned FacetWin Dial-up and Direct Serial Connections topic in FacetWin Help for Windows 95/98 or NT 4.x.

Debugging aides

As always, FacetCorp Technical Support is available for help when the AIX PPP setup doesn't provide the results you may have been hoping for. However, it would be helpful to follow the instructions of the debugging aides listed below before contacting us. These may help you find a quick solution without spending a lengthy time on the phone. At the very least, you'll have more pertinent information to pass along to us before we tackle the problem.

When you are debugging your connection, examine your system's syslog file for error messages that may help you troubleshoot your problem. This file is usually located in "/var/adm/syslog" but it could be relocated to another directory. See the file "/etc/syslog.conf" and look for an entry that contains "*.debug" for relocation information on the syslog file. See "Enabling the UNIX Syslog" for notes on setting up "syslog".

I recommend that you first try connecting to the UNIX host when you are near by both systems if possible. You may need to observe and get access (for configuring and restarting processes) to both sides of this setup (UNIX and PC Client).

When performing these operations, observe the modem SD/RD lights and also watch for activity on the small modem icon that's located on your Windows taskbar. If your network commands cause activity on both of these then you will know that you are at least communicating correctly between the two systems. If your commands do not create activity on these devices, then you should examine your routing configuration in the TCP/IP properties configuration. Your setup may not understand that packets directed at this IP address are to be routed via the PPP serial connection.

After you get your connection established, try these sample commands to make sure you are communicating properly on the PPP network. Your output will not match mine exactly but it will give you an idea of what to expect.

You can check your connection on the client side by running a useful utility named, "winipcfg". Invoke this from the Start->Run path and then select the PPP Adapter to observe information about your dial-up account. This will also show you the IP address assigned to this dial-up (this will change as you have additional users accessing PPP accounts) as they are assigned by the host.

From the client Windows 95/98 or NT 4.x PC at a DOS prompt run:

   C:\WINDOWS>ping 192.168.200.1     (use your UNIX host Ethernet IP address)

      Pinging 192.168.200.1 with 32 bytes of data:

   Reply from 192.168.200.1: bytes=32 time=58ms TTL=64
   Reply from 192.168.200.1: bytes=32 time=58ms TTL=64
   Reply from 192.168.200.1: bytes=32 time=53ms TTL=64
   Reply from 192.168.200.1: bytes=32 time=55ms TTL=64
From the UNIX host to the Windows 95/98 NT 4.x PC use:
   # ping 192.168.202.2              (Use your PC IP address)

      Pinging 192.168.202.2 with 32 bytes of data:

   Reply from 192.168.202.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=32
   Reply from 192.168.202.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=32
   Reply from 192.168.202.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=32
   Reply from 192.168.202.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=32
If your connection does not perform the PING operation successfully (in both directions) then you do not have a valid network connection established. It could also mean that you do not have a valid route established to the host. When you have this much working you're almost there! Now try to connect to the host FacetWin software via the PPP connection, use the following commands to view the host's share list:

    Start, then Run, at the Open prompt box enter, "\\192.168.200.1".

You should receive a new window containing a list of your host's shares. You can then continue your integration by getting all this to work when using system names in place of IP addresses by updating the "\windows\hosts" file to contain IP address to name mapping entries. At this point you can also define FacetWin terminal application connections that will give you terminal emulation sessions via your dial-up PPP connection.

If your Windows 95/98 or NT 4.x PC is the only system connecting to your AIX host, you probably will not see the host listed in the Network Neighborhood server list. This problem occurs because of the way that browsing works and you shouldn't be concerned. To get access to your host's shares, use:

    Start, Find, Computer, and finally your system name, for example: "db2ppp".

This will force a direct read of the host and provide you with a special entry that points to your UNIX host. You can then drag this entry to the Network Neighborhood icon on your desktop and make a permanent shortcut to it that will remain in the Network Neighborhood system. In a later release of FacetWin we plan to add master browser capability to resolve this issue.

If you have trouble getting this to work, please consult your AIX documentation or contact AIX technical support.

Good Luck!